CORPORATE STRATEGY - FITNESS INDUSTRY NEW YORK FITNESS Assignment

CORPORATE STRATEGY - FITNESS INDUSTRY NEW YORK FITNESS - Assignment Example This industry renders the facility of fitness specially gym and health clubs as per membership basis. The benefits provided by this industry include the use of exercise equipments and weights, along with facilitating personal training, group classes and other club amenities. As per the data of IBIS World (2012), the fitness industry especially gym and health clubs have inculcated an estimated figure of around 8.7 million members across the United Kingdom, which is nearly 17% of the adult population. The London Olympics specially provided the extra motivation in this industry; as a result, the revenue increased by around 9.5% over the last five years (IBIS World, 2013). The fitness industry is incredibly successful with innovation and changing technologies which provides the adapting capability of the products for suiting its own requirements. Though there are around 6000 gyms and health clubs in the UK but they cater to the different market segments. These include women only gyms, tr aditional body building gyms, budget model gyms, premium full service health club, and 24-hour gyms among others. In London, there are around 70,200 people employed in the active leisure, learning as well as wellbeing sector among them 5900 are employed in the health and fitness industry. Therefore, the government of the UK also provides help for ensuring sustained growth of this sector. London has a rich mix of active leisure and learning facilities, high profile sporting clubs and also a host of international, national and regional events. Therefore, the industry skills fill the gap of sports specific technical skills and health consciousness (AACS LMI, 2010). Contextually, on the basis of research initiatives on management theory the analysis is done with the help of PESTLE analysis of the external environment. Besides, in this paper, Bowman’s Strategy Clock and application and justification of the Ansoff’s Matrix are also going to be provided as analysing tools for finding out marketing and growth strategy of a new company. Thus, by analysing the external and internal factors a set of recommendations is also drawn on the development options of the business (Jarzabkowski & et. al, 2009). PESTLE Analysis of the Fitness Industry in the UK A PESTLE analysis at times referred to as PEST analysis is one of the imperative and useful tools for analysing and understanding the industry position as a whole and is often used in conjunction with a SWOT analysis to access the situation of an individual business. A PESTLE analysis is one of the most important frameworks regarding to the assessment of macro environmental analysis. Therefore, it is one of the most important frameworks and a key part for designing of strategic management. The term ‘PESTLE’ refers Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental factors. This analysis enables to draw varied pertinent responses regarding various questions such as what are the po litical factors which likely to affect the industry, important economic factors, cultural aspects, technological innovations, present and imminent legislations of the government as well as environmental considerations. However, it is also needed to highlight that these factors definitely depend and

Fairness in the American Taxation System Essay Example for Free

Fairness in the American Taxation System Essay The hot topic in America right now is taxation. While many members of society believe the current taxing system is fair, others believe it is not. The President, congress, and the senate try their hardest to work together to please the entire population with all of the reforms they make. Not only is paying taxes mandatory for American citizens, it is a public duty. The reason people are required to pay tax is because the government uses the money collected to support the country Americans live, breath, and work in. Taxes are like a form of rent. With our country being as diverse as it is, there are many people that cannot survive on their own nor pay any sort of taxes. The most common reason for persons not being able to pay up is disability. It is up to the rest of the citizens of the United States to help support this percentage of people that are not able to work. Since these people are unable to work and provide for their families, the government created a social program called Welfare. This program is very special and gives security to the people receiving it for a better, poverty-free life. Another program for the underprivileged is called Medicaid. Similar to Welfare, this gives insurance to people that cannot afford to pay medical bills, etc. The type of tax that is currently in play in the United States is called Progressive tax; the more you earn the more you pay. â€Å"The new economy rich often favor tax increases because, in contrast to Republicans and their business backers, they enthusiastically support increased government spending on education, health care, and scientific research† (Callahan, David 14). While some say this is not just, obviously the government, congress, and voters believe so. Some people believe it to be fair because the rich have more to offer then the poor; they work hard for their money and have a lot to show for it. Federal taxes this year will approach $3,300 a person. To tax everyone equally is out of the question. Many individuals and families cannot possibly bear a Federal tax of $3,300 per capita. So government must treat people, not equally but unequally. Harriss, Lowell 271) It would be unfair and brutal for a poor family in our country to pay the same amount of money in taxes as the wealthiest family in America. Tax increases on the rich would not be punishment nor unfair, â€Å"They worry about poor people and pollution. They want government to make sure that Americans have the kind of education they need to compete in the global economy† (Callahan, David 13). Although all citizens would not be taxed the same amount annually, the progressive sys tem gives each citizen the right to live a blessed life. Regarding making the taxation system â€Å"simple, equal, and fair,† (Simple 42) â€Å"fulfilling all of these objections is challenging† (Simple 42). No Matter how the law of taxation is set, there will always be people to protest and their will always be people to challenge the system. â€Å"Degrees of fairness in taxation cannot possibly be measured, but we can often sense that one condition is nearer than another to the concept we have in mind† (Harriss Lowell 271). Reasonable, humane, productive, creative, generous, innovative persons – voters embodying the attributes we admire – and persons embodying the attributes we consider destructive of the good life – envy, spite, greed, profligacy, short-sightedness, selfishness – will probably have different views about a fair scale of progression. (Harriss Lowell 273) The types of admirable views listed above show that progressive tax is truly the best decision for America. Not only is it the right choice in equality, but it is morally well-rounded. Most of the taxes we pay go to citizens that are deprived of money. The government ensures that the money taken out of an individuals check is put to good use. Other taxes go to support the entire country. If taxes did not exist, it would be every man for himself and our economy would be a disaster. Without a progressive taxation system, America would not be as strong as it is today. There would be an even bigger difference between the wealth and poverty line. People travel all over the world to come to the United States to achieve the â€Å"American Dream,† and the government’s law of taxation allows individuals to do just that.

ROGER MARIS :: essays research papers

Roger Maris Essay Roger Maris was born in Hibbing, Minnesota on September 10, 1934. His father, who worked for the Great Northern Railroad, moved the family to North Dakota in 1942where Roger grew up. The Maris brothers played sports and attended Shanley High School in Fargo, North Dakota. It was in the 10th grade when Roger met Patricia, his future wife, at a high school basketball game. Roger played baseball in the American Legion program during the summers, since the North Dakota high schools with the cold weather did not have a program. He led his American Legion team to the state championship. With his excellent speed, Roger was a standout in football as well. In one game against Devil's Lake his senior year, he scored four touchdowns on kickoff returns to set a national high school record. Roger was recruited by legendary coach Bud Wilkinson to play for the University of Oklahoma, but with a professional baseball contract looming, Roger gave up his scholarship at the University of Oklahoma to pursue a career in baseball. He signed a $15,000 contract to play for the Cleveland Indians organization. Roger spent four years in the minor leagues playing for Fargo-Moorhead, Keokuk, Tulsa, Reading, and Indianapolis before making it to the major leagues. During his first year in the major leagues, Roger hit 14 home runs and drove in 51 RBI's for the Cleveland Indians. Midway through his second year, Roger was traded to the Kansas City Athletics and finished the season with 28 home runs and 81 RBI's. Roger received attention and in his third year, was elected to the 1959 All-Star team. After the 1959 season, Roger Maris was traded to the New York Yankees. In 1960, his first season with the Yankees, Roger led the major leagues with 27 home runs and 69 RBI's by the halfway point and was again named to the All-Star team. An injury sliding into second to break up a double play caused him to miss 17 games. However, Roger still finished the season first in RBI's with 112, second in home runs with 39 (one behind Mickey Mantle who led the majors with 40), won the Gold Glove Award, and was named the American League's Most Valuable Player. He also hit 2 World Series home runs, but it would be for the following year that he would be most remembered. In 1961, Roger and teammate Mickey Mantle received national attention as they chased the single season home run record of 60 set by Babe Ruth in 1927.

Computer Benefits Essay

Science and technology Adv of technology First of all, technologies play a very important role in society because it makes life easier to live on and less time consuming. Technology has the ability to create shortcuts in working. People do not have to do all the hard labor anymore. For example, microwave ovens cook food easily without using any stoves and making a big mess. Some decade ago, there were no gas or electric stoves, people have to get firewoods and lighting them up for cooking. Technology makes things very easy to use comparing it in the old fashion way. Moreover, medical science is very progressive and saves many innocent lives. Medical treatment has been going well with the help of technology. Nowadays, hospitals use technology as the assistance for the operation. Doctors use machines to produce medicine to cure sickness and the discovery of x-ray enable doctors to treat some kinds of diseases. On the otherhand, the application of science leads to the development of technology. Technology comes from the Greek word tekne, which means art, craft or skill. Technology is the art craft and skill of harnessing scientific knowledge. Technology has improved the quality of life in many ways. DNA Analysis is now used to solve crimes. Packaged livelihood technologies produce goods and provide work and income. Nuclear research has brought about technologies fro treating cancer, preserving food and providing energy. Harnessing energy from the sun has brought about solar powered batteries for calculators and watches. The aqualung allowed man to explore the ocean depths thereby opening the underwater world for deeper exploration. In addition to this, science and technology influences our lives. These inventions that have changed the world are products of genuises who altogether make up only a small percentile of the millions of people who inhabit the earth. Disad of tech However, there is always a down side to everything. As a saying goes, there is no such thing as free lunch. Technological advancement has its own negative effects. For example, the burning of fossil fuels is primarily to energize the modern worldand to power cars. However, it has degraded the quality of air we breathe and has caused other environmental hazards with health threatening effects that adversely affect life. On the contrary, technology also brings harm to our society. The booming of industrialization and development causes pollutions to our world. For example, the smoke from the vehicles and machines affects the quality of air and destroy the ozone layer. As a result, people suffer illness like cancers. In addition, technologies also create financial problems in families because most of the technologies are expensive like computers. People that cannot afford to buy this kind of technology will live in a stressful life. For example, people that do not have washing machine will have to wash clothes by hand which is time consuming

BHL Assessment

Advise Bob of his contractual obligations to WAY Ltd. In particular, assess and evaluate his common law duties in comparison to contractual obligations as an employee and the potential outcome of breach. A contract of employment may be written or verbal and there is not a lawful duty for an employer to supply the employee with a written contract. However under the Employment Rights Act 1 996 Section 1 (1) a written statement of particulars is required and under Section 1(2) this may be given in installments but not any longer than two months after the employment has started.Contracts contain terms' which can either be expressed or implied and it is important for employers to think carefully when creating a contract as it may need to be relied upon in the future should any dispute or ambiguity arise. Daniels (201 2 page 35) defines expressed terms as â€Å"terms that have been discussed and agreed between the employer and employee† â€Å"they may not be in writing and they can not diminish statutory rights†. She defines implied terms as â€Å"those that have not been specifically agreed between the employer and employee but are derived from collective agreement, statute, custom and practice and the courts†.Examples of what is considered express terms include the amount of sick, holiday and redundancy pay and the amount of wages or hours expected to be worked. Implied terms are different in that they will be the same for most contracts of employment no matter what the activity is including duties owed to the employee by the employer and vice versa such as the duty to pay etc. Bob should be aware that under common law there are certain duties owed by him as an employee to his employer WAY Ltd.Emir (2012 page 307) states â€Å"Since the relationship between employer and employee is one of trust ND confidence the law implies into the contract of employment the term that every employee should serve his employer faithfully'. In regards to all of t he clauses and what Bob is currently doing which is working for a competitor in his spare time he is already breaching one of the first common law duties which is the duty of faithful service, Emir (2012 page 308) states that â€Å"It is a breach of the employee's duty of faithful service to compete with the employer while he is still employed†.The cases of Adamson v B & L Cleaning Services Ltd (1995) and Ward Evans Financial Services Ltd v Fox (2001 ) are examples of not only a breach of faithful service but also of fidelity which will be discussed further on. Clause one instructs Bob that he is not to devote any time that should be spent in work on any other business or ‘charitable endeavourer unless he has written consent by the company.This clause set out by WAY Ltd is not reasonable in the way it is worded, as in some cases Bob has a duty to devote his time that should be spent in work to other affairs if it is necessary. One example of this would be jury duty whic h anyone meeting the specific criteria is obliged to take part in unless there are specific and exceptional resistances, and to enforce that Bob must have it in writing before he is to attend such activities is not reasonable.If it were found that this clause was unreasonable then the clause may become invalid. However if it was determined to be fair then this case would be similar to Wishes Dairies v Smith (1935) where the legal principle identified was that the duty of fidelity lasts until the employment has ended. Although Bob has not yet breached this duty, he has breached several others relating to this the first one being a duty of mutual trust and confidence.In the case of Mali v BCC AS (in Liz) 1997) Lord Steen stated â€Å"the employer shall not without reasonable and proper cause, conduct itself in a manner calculated and likely to destroy or seriously damage the relationship of confidence and trust between employer and employee† (Painter and Holmes 2012 page 145). The term ‘mutual' means ‘joint' or both in agreement so this statement works both ways in that the employee also has an implied duty not to act in such a way that would upset or cause animosity among employer and employee. Bob has broken this duty by working for a competitor even though it may be in his spare time.It should also be recognized that although Bob appears to be a senior engineer, if he is having to work for another company in his free time due to the business not doing as well as it has been then he must be on commission or a zero hour contract as if he was on a fixed term or full time contract his pay would remain the same no matter what hours he worked. Clause two states that during the period of his employment Bob should not partake in any other work which may affect the way in which he carries out his own work for WAY Ltd. The modern practice of ‘moonlighting' whereby an employee undertakes spare-time work outside his employment ours can raise prob lems, particularly if the work is in competition with the employers business† (Emir 201 2 page 318). The case of Gray v C & P Pembroke Ltd (1972) which is similar to Bob's situation supports this idea that working for a competitor is not deemed acceptable if it is expressed in the contract otherwise, however Frame v McKenna and Graham Ltd (1974) found that it was acceptable if it not mentioned in the contract of employment.Cases which would suggest Bob is in breach of his common law duties if followed would be Havoc Ltd V park Royal Scientific Instruments Ltd (1946), Nearby Dean of Westminster (1999), Lewis v Underworld Garages Ltd (1986), Reading v Attorney General (1951 ) and the most recent case of Vegetarian v Churchill Group Ltd (2013). Moonlighting links with the reasoning that a fiduciary duty should exist among employers and employees.Lord Wolf's view on fiduciary duty is that â€Å"The employer is entitled to the single-minded loyalty of his employee. The employee mu st act in good faith; he must not make a profit out of his trust; he must not place himself in a position where his duty and his interest may conflict; he may not act for his own benefit or he benefit of a third party without the informed consent of his employer† (Broodier 2012 page 1).However there is an argument as to how far this fiduciary relationship goes and it was recognized in the case of University of Nottingham v Tweet (1999) that ambiguous terminology may cause confusion as to the nature of the relationship between employer and employee. Although the common law duties require loyalty, good faith and honesty, to assume that an employee is to give his/her all to their employer and that the contract of employment is a fiduciary one is false. However the case of Helmet Integrated Systems Ltd v Tundra (2006) is a contrast in to the extent of fiduciary duty that is owed.The cases of Bell v Lever Brow (1931 ) and Osborn Corp. v Reecho (1984) are cases involving a senior me mber of the team and it is often applied that they have a greater duty owing to the employer to disclose their own misconduct than perhaps an employee would have. In clause two however, the restriction may be considered too wide in that it restricts him from undertaking any work which may prejudicially affect his ability to carry out his work for WAY and says that again it will be at he discretion of the company.It may be deemed UN-reasonable to consider that the company would need to be informed of every activity carried out in Bob's spare time and that it would be up to them to make a decision about how prejudicial it is. Painter and Holmes (2012 page 151) state that â€Å"The courts are very reluctant to accept that what workers do in their spare time should be of any concern of the employer as in Nova Plastics Ltd v Forget (1982). However, sometimes they are bound to do so. This statement emphasizes that although it is in the interest of the employer to be aware of hat their em ployees do in their spare time, the clause restricting Bob from carrying out any activity in his spare time unless the company has agreed may be to wide and unreasonable. A duty of fidelity is owed under common law and ensures that â€Å"Employees must not carry out activities that clearly conflict with the duty that they owe to their employer† (Daniels 2012 page 44).The obligation not to compete with an employer can be regarded as an expressed term and included as a restrictive covenant. Although he has already breached this duty by working for a competitor WAY could limit this damage further if there was a restrictive lease in the contract indicating that Bob could not set up a competing business such as the partnership he wishes to indulge himself in with Michael for a certain period of time and within a certain geographical location if it is deemed ‘reasonable'.Bob's case is similar to the one of Sanders v parry (1967) backed up by Coleman Dammar Ltd v Sakes (2001 h owever the cases of Helmet Integrated Systems Ltd v Tundra (2006), Customer Systems Pl v Ransom (2012) and Tim Russ & Co v Robertson (2011) all indicate that it can be difficult to enforce these covenants if they are not deemed reasonable or the employee can prove it was after the course of employment had ended.Along with a restrictive covenant being inserted to non-compete, if a garden leave clause were also present then it would prevent Bob from competing with WAY by going to another business such as Michaels or prevent him from setting up his own business within a certain amount of time. This clause is often inserted as it can be unclear what the interpretation of the courts will be regarding non restrictive covenants and employers wish to protect themselves from the possibility of employees leaving to work for a competing equines and taking with them knowledge they may have gained from the company.Garden leave was brought to the attention of the courts in the case of William Hil l Organization Ltd Tucker (1998) as if the courts feel the clause is too wide or UN reasonable, it may not be imposed as Simian Ltd v Christensen (2000). Garden leave often arises after the notice of termination of employment has been given either by the employer or employee and does not always have to be expressed in the contract to be effective but it can sometimes be imposed by the courts at a later date as in Christie v Johnston Carmichael (2010) and SO and R Valuation Service co LLC v Boudoirs (2008).The courts may also decide to modify the clause and not to render it completely inadmissible if they feel it may De-skill the workers if they have too much time off as in Provident Financial Group Pl v Hayward (1988) and GHZ Group Inc v Gallstone (1993), but in certain cases they may uphold the clause if they feel it is fair as in Euro Brokers Ltd v Rabbet (1995) and Evening Company Standard v Henderson (1987). The third clause identifies the common law clause of confidentiality an d again utility in which the employee is expected to operate in such a way as not to disclose confidential information about his employer.The fundamental case for this duty is Faced Chicken Ltd v Fowler (1985) in which the Court of Appeal recognized that there is a difference in duties owed by an employee who works for the company now and an employee who has left and gave several guidelines which indicated what information would be regarded as confidential. Bob would owe a greater duty of confidentiality to WAY at the moment as he is still operating as one of their employees compared to he situation he would be in if he left as the responsibility would be lessened but not diminished.In the case of Rob v Green (1895) Lord Asher MR. said â€Å"l think in a contract of service the Court must imply such a stipulation as I have mentioned (ii, that the servant will act with good faith towards his master), because it is a thing which must necessarily have been in view of both parties when they entered in to the contract† (Smith and Thomas 2008 page 169). The confidentiality clause is important as is protects both the employer and employee from any unnecessary information being disclosed about either party.If Bob were to disclose information to Michael about Highway's pricing strategy then he would be breaching his contract terms which may give reason for a fair dismissal or if he discloses it once he has left the company whether it be to Michael or anyone else then an injunction may be granted stopping him from disclosing the information. If it can be proved that the employee or ex employee has passed on confidential information and that the business has suffered a loss as a result as in Sanders v Parry (1967) and Ansell Rubber Co v Allied Rubber Industries (1 972), then damages may be awarded to the employer.When deciding the potential outcome of breach in this case it is important to look at both sides of the employer WAY and employee Bob. In regards to the first clause, it raises the question of whether it is fair and reasonable to be imposed as discussed in paragraph three and if it is not then the employee Bob is not bound by it and there fore would not be in breach of it.If it is found acceptable Bob has not breached it yet as he is working for Michael in his own time and not during his working hours, however if he were to breach this clause then he may be fairly dismissed by WAY under the principles et out in Wishes Dairies v Smith and any profits made by Bob could be obtained by WAY as damages if they were to take him to court. Bob has breached clause two as he is working for a competitor of the business and it is within the same trade that he works in now.As a result Of this breach again he may be dismissed with support of the cases of Gibson v National Union of Dyers, Bleachers and Textile Workers (1972) and Gray v C & Pembroke Ltd (1972). Clause three amounts to the highest breach of all with an almost certainty of summary dis missal if he informs Michael of his employers pricing tragedy as it is a breach of fidelity. Although clause one and two are significantly serious there may be situations where ACS may try and resolve the situation if it is in the interest of both parties and a solution may be sought after.

Having a Yen

Having a Yen Having a Yen Having a Yen By Maeve Maddox The word yen has described a Japanese monetary unit since the 1870s. This use of the word derives from Chinese yuan, round, round object, circle. In English the word yen can also mean desire or wish. Do You Have a Yen to Go to College? Have a yen for policy? Apply to be a Nat’l Academies graduate Fellow Have a yen to be an entrepreneur? Dive in now The American Yen for Zen This use of yen is from another Chinese word, Cantonese yan, craving. It came into the language as yin (1876) with the meaning intense craving for opium. The form yen dates from 1906 with the more generalized meaning sharp desire, hunger. Beginning as a slang word, yen probably gained a permanent place in the language because of its similarity to the verb to yearn, to desire earnestly; to experience a strong desire or longing for. In current usage, yen is often used to denote an idle desire rather than an intense craving. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Writing Prompts 101Rules for Capitalization in Titles25 Favorite Portmanteau Words

Writing Contests Are Good Practice

Writing Contests Are Good Practice Writing Contests Are Good Practice Writing Contests Are Good Practice By Guest Author This is a guest post by Mary Hodges If you want to write for Daily Writing Tips check the guidelines here. There are some writers who wouldn’t dream of entering a writing competition. They consider such things beneath their dignity. I’ve even come across someone who refused to take part in competitions because â€Å"someone has to lose†. My response to this would be â€Å"someone has to win, and it might be you. But if you don’t enter, you certainly won’t win.† My own feeling is that writing for a competition is helpful for these reasons: You have to write to a word limit. You have a deadline to meet. You often have to write on a given topic. Even if your work is not among the winning entries you have a finished story article or poem that you can adapt for another market Writing competitions seem to be a growth area. A Google search for â€Å"writing competitions† came up with over a million hits! Prizemagic includes some interesting details about Michael Shenton and his book Stiff Competition based on his experience of entering competitions. The poetrykit site includes a link to story and other competitions and a warning to beware of scams. There are numerous print magazines with titles like Competitors’ Companion but these include only a few writing contests. They are mainly devoted to general consumer competitions where the entrants need to provide proof of purchase and concoct advertising slogans for particular products. Some points to remember when entering competitions: Always read the rules for entry carefully. State age, sex, ethnicity, place of birth or residence, and whether or not your work has been published. – I’ve seen all these used to restrict who is eligible to enter. Look carefully at the deadline. There’s no point in sending your work off too soon and making it unavailable for other uses any longer than necessary. Look for contests that give a clear date by which the winners will be notified. Once that date has passed, you know you can submit your work elsewhere or enter it in another competition, Note the prizes and the entry fees – if any. Remember, a bigger prize might attract more entries; you might have a better chance of winning in a smaller local comp. albeit with a smaller reward. Contests you can enter by email are to be preferred every time over those that require hard copy entries. Some ask you to send an S.A.E for an entry form, requiring wo lots of unnecessary postage. Look carefully at what the organizers say they will do with the non-winners. I’ve come across one contest where the entrants granted the organizers â€Å"a worldwide, irrevocable, perpetual license to feature any or all of the submissions in any of its publications†. Do you really want to give your work away when you might submit it to another publication or enter it for another contest? Keep a copy of your entry and a record of where you sent it. I should come clean and say I haven’t won lots of writing competitions. I seem to get to the runner-up stage quite often, but don’t make the big time. Of course prizes in writing competitions are not always in the form of cash. You might win a holiday, a place on a writing course in some exotic location or as I did many years ago you might win a lavatory seat! I’m not kidding. This was part of a prize for writing a poem about Convent Garden in London. Prizes were items from the various shops in Covent Garden including one that specialized in wooden loo seats with the owner’s initials on the lid! But when all’s said and done it’s not the winning that counts, it’s the taking part. Mary Hodges has published poems in The Oldie, Freelance Market News and Quantum Leap magazine. She edits the Garstang Arts Centre Newsletter and is Press Officer for her local Women’s Institute. She also writes plays, one of which was produced for the Women’s Institute Drama Festival. Although computer literate and interested in the web, she has not yet set up her own website or blog. Two sites she’s found particularly useful are PrizeMagic and The Poetry Kit. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:"Because Of" and "Due To" Comma Before ButA Yes-and-No Answer About Hyphenating Phrases

Nobody Makes Bad Progress

Nobody Makes Bad Progress Nobody Makes â€Å"Bad Progress† Nobody Makes â€Å"Bad Progress† By Maeve Maddox Three times during a radio interview, a White House spokesman stated that something was â€Å"making good progress.† It occurred to me how often I hear the expression â€Å"good progress† uttered by politicians and administrators of various stripes. We are making good progress towards introducing a bill that will advance that goal.- A US senator. U.S. Department of Education Secretary Arne Duncan acknowledged that [our state] is making good progress on our Race to the Top plans.- A state governor. We have been making good progress in three important areas.- A school principal. FTA is making good progress on developing more detailed guidance on which we will seek comment in the near future.- An FTA spokesman. The word progress, both noun and verb, derives from the Latin verb progredi: â€Å"to go forward, proceed, advance.† The English noun progress is defined as â€Å"the process of a series of actions through time.† As a verb, progress means, â€Å"to proceed, advance,† â€Å"to follow an expected course or pattern.† â€Å"Good progress† is bureaucratic-speak. It sounds good without meaning anything. It’s enough to say, â€Å"The FTA is making progress on developing more detailed guidance.† Progress may be rapid, slow, encouraging, delayed, or uncertain, but to say it is good is to pad language. â€Å"Good progress† is often accompanied by other meaningless phrases like â€Å"in the near future,† and â€Å"grounds for optimism.† Ordinary speakers may be forgiven for using the occasional clichà ©, but politicians and others who wish to advance themselves by swaying public opinion should be aware that coming from them, â€Å"good progress† signals a desire to avoid specifics. Note: The pronunciation of progress differs, according to whether it is used as a noun or as a verb. progress (noun): PRAH-gres (American); PRO-gres (British) progress (verb): pruh-GRES Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:75 Synonyms for â€Å"Angry†Homogeneous vs. HeterogeneousPersonification vs. Anthropomorphism

Description of the GIS techniques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Description of the GIS techniques - Essay Example Other whale types which do exist but are area to site include the sperm whale, killer whale and the fin whale. Sperm whales are famous for their massive heads and rounded foreheads. It is believed that they are rare because of intense hunting. However, data on the exact population of whales at the Scottish coast is hard to come by given that little research has been carried out to estimate their numbers (Clark, 1997). Some of the reasons for this state of affairs are the little research which has been carried specifically on this marine mammal. This may be explained by the fact that the United States has been keen to end the practice of whaling which kills whales for the sake of it. Therefore, a lot of research on whales has tended to be in waters around where the practice is prevalent such as Japan (Au, 2003; Griffin, 1998; Elnser, 1999). Industrialization and development around the Scottish coast is believed to have significantly led to the pollution of waters around the coast, compromising the quality of ecosystems these whales enjoy. This is because uncontrolled dumping of waste into the sea has negative effects on the environment, affecting the food chain in the process. Human activity along the coast has been increasing over the decades, increasing the frequencies with which accidents involving whales and other marine animals attack people. Sperm whales are known to dive to deeper levels in search of food. Even though their environment might have been affected, it is expected that still some would be around, assuming that their deeper diving can compensate for the declining food supply due to pollution. This is because pollution starves the plants and other marine animals such as fishes and seals fed on by the sperm whales of the oxygen and other nutrients needed for their nourishment (Elsner, 1999). Essentially this means that the whales are likely to have faced a drop in their food supplies. On the other part, such levels of pollution also have the

Native America and Hispanic Cultures in Michigan Research Paper

Native America and Hispanic Cultures in Michigan - Research Paper Example (US Bureau of Census 2008) I will address these two cultures separately in this paper but that both would be examined through the same parameters as demonstrated by the concept maps previously drafted. The parameter worked around three issues. These are education, family traditions and political background. I believe that these factors collectively characterize the wider cultural characteristics of the subject cultures. In regard to education, it varies through time and across cultures and so, it is necessary in establishing the cultural background of an ethnic group. Family traditions, meanwhile, reflect the way of life of the ethnic groups and, hence, demonstrate their culture. Finally, the political background was included in order to determine the minorities’ views on social issues in the context of their way of lives. These three variables characterize the cultural dimensions required in order for me to achieve my objectives. The methods employed for the research of sources used is a mix of first-hand interview, first-hand sources from government publications and research of second-hand sources from available literature such as books, journal and magazine. In regard to internet sources, the keywords used in the research include â€Å"Michigan demographics,† â€Å"Michigan Native Americans,† â€Å"Michigan education statistics,† and â€Å"Michigan voters profile.† The main search engine used was Google. I think the most important sources would be the government data from the US Bureau of Census as they represent the holistic status of the both the ethnic groups demography and cultural background. Because of this, it became easier to compare specific characteristics. The first-hand sources and interviews are also important because they allowed me to confirm and experience the major findings of the research. Because of this I was able to synthesize all the information that I was able to collect from all the relevant literature

Unprocessed foods Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unprocessed foods - Coursework Example This entire, natural, eatable nourishment contains every one of the supplements your body needs and doesn’t have whichever substances which might hurt your body. When the entire, normal nourishment is processed, its concoction structure is changed, in this way adjusting its dietary quality. Whole uncooked sustenances are the most supplement-concentrated nourishments. That implies that for every unit of vitality you eat, you obtain the best measure of supplements as vitamins and minerals. Additionally, people that consume fiber-wealthy sustenance have small serum cholesterols amounts, a decreased danger of a few malignancies particularly disease of the colon.Micronutrients: They comprise vitamins along with minerals. Such minerals as well as vitamins are crucial co-catalysts during the procedures of metabolism that happen inside of the human body (Bendich 56).Kale, Carrot and Avocado Salad sustenances are the mainly supplement-dense nourishments.Fiber: Individuals who consume f iber-wealthy diets posses smaller blood levels of cholesterol, a decreased danger of a few tumors particularly colon cancer, as well as they well control glucose levels.Vital fatty acids: Equally omega three as well as omega six unsaturated fats are imperative parts of cell layers and are forerunners to numerous different substances in the body, for example, those included with controlling pulse and incendiary reaction. Proteins: Truth be told, hair as well as nails are generally protein made. Te human body utilizes it to manufacture and refurbish tissue.

International Analysis of Organization Design Essay - 1

International Analysis of Organization Design - Essay Example Such is a significant feature that influences the management of organizations in different regions. Multinational organizations that exist in more than one country must always adopt unique organizational structures and systems of management in the various countries in order to suite with the culture of people in the different markets as the discussion below portrays. China is the largest economy in the East and is among the largest markets in the world. The country has conducive environment for doing business owing to the large population and the low production costs. As such, numerous multinational companies target the market. However, Chinese people have a unique culture. The history of the country presents a country that remained secluded from the rest of the world thus succeeded in forming a unique system of governance coupled with an equally unique culture. The culture of China therefore influences the management of the multinational organizations that set up shops in the country. Despite the lucrative nature of the market, the companies must always adopt new structures and systems of management in order to operate in the region (Juvidan, Dorfman & House, 2006). -Develop its brand and the visibility and spread of the stores so as to make it the first choice when it comes to coffee, easy to find and familiar with the environment and hard to switch to substitutes Key among the multinational companies that operate in China is Starbucks. Starbucks Corporations, also known as Starbucks Coffee is an American company and the largest coffee company in the world. The company operates in more than two thousand locations throughout the world. While the United States is its largest market, the company operates in many other countries with China forming headquarter in its eastern frontier. The company is a large and accepted brand in China. The company’s success in China is because of specific changes in the management of the

Five Types of Customers in the Retail Setting Essay

Five Types of Customers in the Retail Setting - Essay Example In fact, grabbing customer attention is not a big deal but retaining customer loyalty requires strategy and sound thinking at the top. A satisfied customer often takes pride in becoming a goodwill ambassador for the company. Companies admit that the loyal customer base is often not more than 20 percent, but it is widely believed that often this segment constitutes more than 50 percent of sales for the company1. The loyal customers buy because they simply prefer the shop, feel a sense of belonging to the shop, and find it hard or even impossible to source their goods from other retailers. These loyal customers visit the stores at a specific interval and often buy everything that they need in the outlet. Discount customers form another very important customer segment. A retail store in particular needs to take into account the changing needs and requirements of the customers, depending upon the changing environment, food habits, time management, availability of alternates in the market, increasing awareness about environmentally friendly goods and services etc. This certainly proves to be a dependable strategy for the store to earn the loyalty of the customer while successfully attracting more customers. In addition, providing discounts on different occasions also proves to be a big attraction. Christmas time is one of those occasions when every store puts up billboards announcing the sale and another bonanza for their customers. The sale happens to be a favorite word for customers in general. Then a search starts to look for best bargains which could fetch the customer more value for their money. Though loyalty counts on such occasions as well, because first of all the customers wou ld look towards their favorite store for such announcements, they don’t mind visiting another store delivering quality products at attractive prices.  

International Analysis of Organization Design Essay - 1

International Analysis of Organization Design - Essay Example Such is a significant feature that influences the management of organizations in different regions. Multinational organizations that exist in more than one country must always adopt unique organizational structures and systems of management in the various countries in order to suite with the culture of people in the different markets as the discussion below portrays. China is the largest economy in the East and is among the largest markets in the world. The country has conducive environment for doing business owing to the large population and the low production costs. As such, numerous multinational companies target the market. However, Chinese people have a unique culture. The history of the country presents a country that remained secluded from the rest of the world thus succeeded in forming a unique system of governance coupled with an equally unique culture. The culture of China therefore influences the management of the multinational organizations that set up shops in the country. Despite the lucrative nature of the market, the companies must always adopt new structures and systems of management in order to operate in the region (Juvidan, Dorfman & House, 2006). -Develop its brand and the visibility and spread of the stores so as to make it the first choice when it comes to coffee, easy to find and familiar with the environment and hard to switch to substitutes Key among the multinational companies that operate in China is Starbucks. Starbucks Corporations, also known as Starbucks Coffee is an American company and the largest coffee company in the world. The company operates in more than two thousand locations throughout the world. While the United States is its largest market, the company operates in many other countries with China forming headquarter in its eastern frontier. The company is a large and accepted brand in China. The company’s success in China is because of specific changes in the management of the

Analysis of The Prologue to WE WERE SOLDIERS ONCE AND YOUNG Article

Analysis of The Prologue to WE WERE SOLDIERS ONCE AND YOUNG - Article Example Indeed, they were given medals and recognized for their sacrifices however, to a man who has shown such dedication and fervor in serving his country, those are not enough. It is true that war changes people. War destroys lives, families and the mind. There are many untold stories of soldiers whose lives and their loved ones’ lives were drastically changed because of the effects of their active participation in war. This story speaks for most of them although it is possible that there are soldiers who experienced even worse situations. The story is an eye opener to us who just hear and read stories of war. It is not just an expression of the author’s thoughts and emotions but it is also an appeal to the readers for them to remember the fallen soldiers and the others who survived the war; as they continue to enjoy the freedom that they have fought for. It asks for remembrance and the heart to value the lost lives, whether on the American side or on the enemies’ sid e because after all, we are all humans unworthy of animalistic

The concept of truth and perception Essay Example for Free

The concept of truth and perception Essay The concept of ‘truth’ versus ‘perception’ can be observed in nearly all aspects of life. What is the truth these days; in newspaper articles, current affair shows or stories that a friend is telling you, is it truth or is it a version of the truth? The complexities inherent in this concept of ‘truth’ versus ‘perception’ will be discussed in relation to two texts; â€Å"Twelve Angry Men† by Reginald Rose, and,. Perception Vs Reality by Amit Sodha What is the key difference between ‘truth’ and ‘perception’, and which is more important? The truth is the reality of the fact while perception is the truth relative to oneself. The mind, the nature of the human being is different to everyone else’s. Everyone has lived different lives; experiencing different passions, interests, suffering and possessing different capabilities in knowledge. People are also brought up in different ways, belonging to different cultures and religions. This display of factors is what makes us who we are, affecting and contributing to our views and perspectives. When contemplating the ‘truth’, it is filtered through a wide variety of experiences, knowledge and emotions, resulting in ones perception. For example, an orange is orange, which is the truth. If you look at it through green glasses, it will appear green but the truth is that the orange remains orange. Perception is like the green glasses, filtering the truth relative to the person that is perceiving it. Twelve Angry Men is a really intriguing text that is clearly evident of the notion of truth and perception. It is about young boy on trial for the supposed murder of his aggressive father. The jurors have passed where evidence is laid out, exhibits shown, witnesses are heard, statements of the plaintiff and the accused are given, and the twelve jurors watch and listen attentively. Now, it is the job of the jury to reach a verdict as a whole; twelve to nothing vote either way, guilty or innocent. Twelve Angry Men highlights the importance of seeing things from more than one perspective. Twelve Angry Men is a play concerning 12 jury men who experience the difficulties of coming to a unanimous decision of murder . In this case the importance of seeing things from more than one perspective is relevant as a young boys life hangs in the balance. Through highlights this through Juror 3 and 10s narrow minded views and the ways in which they must be persuaded. Also it is seen by Juror 8, who feels it only right to have each side of the story broken down and discussed thoroughly. Rose uses Juror 3 to show that certain jurors are wrong and that if they are not open minded and put their personal prejudices aside they are bound to behave unacceptably and be viewed negatively. Juror 3s biases and stubbornness to be able to see things from the eyes of others really restricts him from doing justice and giving the boy the trial he deserves as does every human. Because of Juror 3s aggressive and stubborn nature he is unable to see that the defendant and his son are two different people and the importance of the trial and what it will mean to the 16 year old boy if found guilty. He thinks he is doing the world good by getting rid of one of them therefore cloudiness his vision and making it impossible to do justice where ones sees the truth differently through their experiencing which than confuses the truth, and in case of the law it will be unfair and a innocent death could have occurred. In the article of Perception Vs Reality by Amit Sodha it statues how Putting Things Into Context, Choosing Your Perception, Skewed Perceptions are faced by individuals in which we have the power to choose to responded and the power of choosing your truth in reality. Therefore even without knowing all of us are faced with obstacles which are known as the truth the way ones foreseen it is the perception which there can interprate into their lives, that means it build their emotion,morals and ethics.

Ideologies of Management

Ideologies of Management The extent of complexity in the organisational management processes requires many questions to be raised in the pursuit of effective strategy for management HRM and employees relation. For managers, what important is the know-how, what, why and how to take the right decisions and how to release these decisions to employees. For them, the challenge is how to use the information gathered and also know how to ignore it. Also, their challenge focuses on how to mix being competitors and being evolver, how to face this complex and non-linear dynamics of the business environment and stay lean and agile. The dilemma is to keep the relation to employees in a good state such that motivation and satisfaction are the status quo, meanwhile the common good for the business is realised. This is why, tangible and intangible have been mixed, and this is why many call for human factor and conscious to play a role. This is difficult, but not impossible, the evidence is produced by Brown and Eisenhardt (1998) quoting companies such as Nike, Microsoft, Virgin and others. Industrial relations are very much connected to the trade and workers unions history. At the beginning of the last century there was a leaning towards mass labour and their unions. Trade Unions moved from strength to strength until it started to collapse due to many unworthy tactics and unwelcome strikes which brought many industries to standstill situations. Governments, including the British government, started to attack militancy in trade unions. Industrial relation started to take new forms. Nowadays, many changes have occurred in industrial relations. Silva (1998) stated changes in industrial relations practices (rather than in institutions and systems) such as increased collective bargaining at enterprise level, flexibility in relation to forms of employment as well as in relation to working time and job functions have occurred as a result of such factors as heightened competition, rapid changes in products and processes and the increasing importance of skills, quality and prod uctivity. Management of todays organisations have the conviction that taking unilateral decision is in their own rights, and that it should not be challenged by employees, or even stakeholders. They consider that this is their duty to manage. The conviction follows the ideology of Unitarism. In this work, this notion of management will be discussed in the light of three ideologies which are Unitarism, Pluralism, and Marxism. However, I will start by looking at the concept of job regulation, which some see as the core of industrial relation. Then, the other parts of the question will be discussed within this context. The concept of job regulations in some authors views represents the core of industrial relations. Flanders (1965) stipulated that study of industrial relations should be limited to the institutions of job regulation. In this approach, (Oram, 1984) indicated that the human relations variable was given a relatively insignificant role in the explanation of behaviour in industrial relations. Although personal, or unstructured, relationships were acknowledged as being important, they were considered by Flanders to be outside the scope of industrial relations. Flanders (1965) made a distinction between internal and external job regulations. Internal job regulations are those rules and regulation that can be changed internally by management and subordinates without any outside authorisation. This internal regulation could be achieved unilaterally by the management or bilaterally through negotiation with employees. On the other hand external job regulations are those being imposed on the org anisation from outside agencies where they could be any third parties, state regulation or any outside stakeholders. Hence, it can be said that job regulations as such may forge the industrial relations and external job regulation may allow different forms of unions. As mentioned previously there are three perspectives on employment relations and these are Unitarism, Pluralism, and Marxism. Unitarism by definition has a set of characteristics. In Unitarism, the organization is considered as one unit that is working towards a single goal. It represents the happy family picture. It also follows that all members of the family, i.e. the organisation, are loyal. Unitalirsts do not believe in conflicts or disputes and they do not expect or accept it. Trade unions have no role to play in unitarism, no negotiations and no collective bargaining. Any of these issues would be considered a disruptive influence to the path of the organisation towards its goal. Management in Unitarism considers making unilateral decisions is the norm and any opposition to this is illogic and irrational. Unitarism has a paternalistic approach where it demands loyalty of all employees. Atkinson and Curtis (2004, p. 492) stated paternalistic approach to employee relations in many small companies was found to be largely still intact. The governments intention of developing partnerships in the employment relationship in order to promote greater fairness in the workplace has, to a significant extent, failed. Small companies may not be granting their employees all their statutory rights. The statement quoted indicates that in this approach there is a sense of unfairness in such ideology of unitarism, at least in the view of the author. Other authors such as Rodriguez and Rios (2007) see that paternalism is counterproductive to productivity. Rodriguez and Rios (2007, p. 356) stated Given this historical account, paternalism has been closely related to the traditional personalized social bond between a boss and his employees. The association also implies that paternalism and productivity are not compatible. In this paper we argue that some of the new modern labour bonds that are being established rise from the paternalistic womb. New fully modern bonds non paternalistic are present as well. Both are related to productivity under the condition that organizations act consistently with the premises under which the contracts are made. By consistent we mean non hypocritical relationships that realistically and sincerely take into account those premises to decide upon Human Resources management policies and practices. On the other hand, authors such as Lewis (1989) see that unitarism approach is what is required in the midst of recession. Lewis (1989) referred to Cressey and Mclnnes (1985) argue that the effect of the recession has been to downgrade the role of consultation. In the companies in which they reviewed the process of consultation, it was trivial and bland. Any lifeboat democracy, as they term it, brought about by the desire to improve co-operation in order to cope with the recession, is extremely fragile and will come to grief on the rocks of managerial prerogative. Moreover, some authors consider that unitarism is normal and required, for example Wilkinson, et al (1991) stated unitarism is an underlying theme which remains unquestioned. Implementation is se en as a matter of motivation, with the correct attitudes being instilled by simple training programmes. Black and Ackers (1998) termed the context of unitarism as looked upon in this investigation as macho management or direct control as a management style. The authors then referred to what they termed as new unitarism and indicated that there is now a shift towards such ideology. Black and Ackers (1998) suggest that management is shifting its emphasis, within the strategy of responsible autonomy, away from the shop stewards organisation towards the shop-floor worker. This involves a shift of issues from collective bargaining to consultation and an attempt to supplement or replace the workplace corporatism of the post-war period, with a greater stress on direct communications with and involvement of the shop floor. The new unitarism attempts to circumvent unions and restrict their scope rather than smashing them. In support of this Gunnigle (1992) views neo-unitarism as a unitarist perspective involving a range of HRM policies designed to eliminate employee need for collective representation. In this sense neo-unitarism is a diluted version of the old unitarism that is investigated here. The second perspective that will be discussed within the context of unilateral managerial decisions is pluralism. Keenoy and Anthony (1992) indicated that the 1970s debate about pluralism was centred on the appropriateness of pluralistic methods to the achievement of social justice; an ethical controversy regarding how the business organizations should be managed. Chigara (1995) indicated that Pluralism holds that employers and employees interests are diametrically opposed to each other, and that they are held in the balance by the common need of keeping the enterprise alive. For pluralists, the trade union is a welcome vehicle for communication. Oram (1984, p. 23) added to the above that Pluralists see trade unionism as merely one more example of a competitive pressure group which Western democratic society accommodates as a matter of course. Pluralists also see that within legal limits, trade union aspirations can be fulfilled sometimes by imposing their wishes in ways which manage ment may see as arbitrary. Trade unions are seen as presenting legitimate challenges to managerial rule with one outcome being in the form of agreed rules, regulating terms and conditions of employment. Dobson (1982) indicated that in the pluralist approach, it is implicit to industrial relations a great belief in the virtues of collective bargaining since it is the method which is used to resolve conflicts. Dobson (1982) stated that other forms of job regulation-especially unilateral regulation by employer, trade union and workgroup-are usually condemned, since they over-ride the interests of other groups. The author then aired the views of the critics to pluralism as stipulating that the legitimacy of collective bargaining is based on certain assumptions, most notably the assumption that all interest groups possess approximate equality of power, so that the eventual compromise reflects equal concessions by all the parties. Even the commonly used definition of collective bargaining of joint job regulation, seems to suggest equality between the parties. Dobson (1982) added that Critics of pluralism have argued that power is very rarely distributed equally, and since in the long run the employer can move his production and investment elsewhere, power is predominantly concentrated in the hands of the employer. For the very same reasons other researchers such as Gunnigle (1992) pointed out to the rise of Neo-pluralism. Gunnigle (1992) stated that Neo-pluralism presented a second type of HRM which involves moves towards greater consensualism and commitment in unionized companies. It is characterized by what might be termed a dualist approach, involving the use of HRM techniques such as direct communications with employees and performance related pay systems alongside established collective bargaining procedures. Pluralism then seem to think that organisation conflicts does exist and that employers and employees interests may be different, however, having accepted this they also accepted that these conflicts are resolvable and that trade unions and the process of collective bargaining are more than capable of attaining a resolution. This assumes that power is equally distributed between employers, employees and unions. Hence, collective bargaining works efficiently. However, researchers also doubt this assumption. Dobson (1982) disputed this unrealistic balance of power and stated A more realistic view of collective bargaining, which takes account of the varying power balances between employers and workers, would see collective bargaining straddling the continuum between unilateral worker regulation on the one hand and unilateral employer regulation on the other. Such an approach would bring into question the pluralist assumption that collective bargaining is necessarily good per se, for at the extremes of the continuum the substantive content of a collective agreement may be identical to that of a unilateral decision. Dobson as such dismisse d the application of collective bargaining as equal to unilateral decision within the imbalance of power that exists in reality. Ackers (1994) agrees with Dobsons view and stated Today, the narrow, institutional version of pluralism is unsustainable. Any view of industrial relations as simply collective bargaining would confine it to a minority activity in a declining sector of the economy. The third perspective on employment relationship is that of Marxism. Hyman (1975) is considered as the authority on Marxism in relation to industrial relations, albeit that he was criticized for being too theoretical in his approach. Wood (1976) referred to Davis criticising the work of Hyman as so abstract and general as to be almost worthless, in either theoretical or practical terms. Still, Hyman explain that worker grievances could only be expressed through collective bargaining and industrial actions. Barbash (2005) indicated that the Marxist model assumes the existence of class conflicts and it is built on the assumption of coalition formation. Marxism stipulates that coalition formation is based on classes that form from out of groups that are in the same authority position in the organisation. Marxism also assumes that classes are able to regulate conflicts and can bring change through negotiations. Marxists acknowledge unions but see the faults in them when in the interest o f workers they seek economic improvement rather than embarking on a revolutionary change and they accuse some unions and their members are subject to false consciousness and that they need to work towards their Leninist destiny. Marxists believes that capitalism creates and endorses monopolies and that capitalism has a powerful luring to the workers when they acquire some powers. Therefore the Marxism approach is to make a goal of overthrowing capitalism. It supports the notion that industrial relations are made by those that are involve in the production and gives the first importance to workers and their affair. It holds true that workers for capitalism are considered a burden on profit making. Marxists also held the view that workers contracts are imposed upon them and they do not enter to it freely and that makes them weak as individual and their strength is therefore lies in their coalition. Marxism sees conflict of interest between capital and workers and employment relations are formed through this conflict. Marxism also uphold the view that trade unions presents optimal solution for such conflicts and ironically Marxists views that institutions of joint regulation would enhance rather than limit managements position as they presume the continuation of capitalism rather than challenge it. From the above a conclusion can be drawn regarding the conviction of management that they have the right to unilateral decision making over human resource issues and that this right is legitimate and rational. It is obvious to many that the trade unions power has been in the last two decades in a decline state. Also, the power of collective bargaining has been in decline, especially after the rise of capitalism in Eastern Europe. The pluralistic approach was seen to be restrictive to the flair and individualistic behaviour of entrepreneurial organisations. Pluralism, whilst acknowledging the conflicts in employers and employees interests, it upholds the idea that survival of the organisation is the derived force to keep it going. Pluralists see trade unions are as presenting legitimate challenges to managerial rule and that it leads to a satisfactory outcome. In fact, each one of the two perspective unitarism and pluralism has its critics. For example, in unitarism there is no obviou s reason as why managers have the only say, and whether this is sensible. It can be argued against unitarism that it gives organisation values to managers and not to groups. If it is a fact of life that conflicts exist in organisations, unitarism does not seem to appreciate this. The same also could be said about pluralism, where it is based on assuming a balance of power that seldom exists in organisations. It also assumes that all conflicts are resolvable and that all those involved have no hidden agendas apart from the common good. It also assumes the full trust in each party; therefore it is unreal and impractical. In regard to Marxism, it was found, in my view, as a mere attack on capitalism and rejection of all of its principles based on naive attempt to show its drawbacks. Marxism hence, relay on giving power to unionists leaders and support the use of extreme measures to resolve conflicts. The concept of job regulations seems to be taken by many researchers as the centre for employment relations and that this relation is formed by both internal and external means. As such this concept may encapsulate all three perspectives in one as it contain unilateral, bilateral and collective as well as state efforts in forming the employment relation. In regard to the subject in question which discusses the unilateral decisions by managements over human resource issues and whether it is legitimate or not. I am of the opinion that it is unrealistic to think that management would allow such decisions to be made collectively. Even if on the face of it, they pretend that it is so. I found myself entirely agree with Lewis (1989) who stated The industrial relations debate about the reasons why management promote employee participation in decision making has run for many years. Much of the literature emphasises the theory that participation in the U.K. is more imagined than real. It gives employees the illusion of a say in organisational decision making whereas the reality is that management use the illusion as a mechanism for control of employees. In fact, this illusion is carried out everywhere and seems ingrained in any organisation. REFERENCES Ackers, P. (1994) Back to Basics? Industrial Relations and the Enterprise Culture. Employee Relations, 16(8), 32 47. Atkinson, C. And Curtis, S. (2004) The impact of Employment Regulation on The Employment Relationship in SMEs. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 11(4), 486 494. Black, J. and Ackers, P. (1998)The Japanisation of British Industry? A Case Study of Quality Circles in the Carpet Industry. Employee Relations, 10(6), 9-16. Barbash, K. (2005) Theories and Concepts in Comparative Industrial Relations. Blackwell. Brown, S. and Eisenhardt, K. (1998) Competing on The Edge. Harvard Business School Pr; ISBN: 0875847544. Chigara, B. (1995) Article 2 of Convention No.87: Precepts And Their Application A Global Assessment. Managerial Law, 37(6), 1-20. Cressey, P. and McInnes, J. (1985) The Recession and Industrial Relations. ESRC conference, University of Warwick, March 1985. Dobson, J. (1982) What is Good Industrial Relations? Employee Relations, 4(2), 5-10. Flanders, A. (1965) Industrial relations: what is wrong with the system? London: Faber. Gunnigle, P. (1992) Human Resource Management in Ireland. Employee Relations, 14(5), 5-22. 1 Hyman, R. (1975) Industrial Relations, a Marxist Introduction. Macmillan, 220. 2- Keenoy, T., Anthony, P. (1992) HRM: Metaphor, Meaning and Morality, in Blyton, P., Turnbull, P. (Eds), Reassessing Human Resource Management, London: Sage. 3- Lewis, P. (1989) Employee Participation in a Japanese-Owned British Electronics Factory: Reality or Symbolism? Employee Relations, 11(1), 3-9. 4- Oram, S. (1984) Industrial Relations and Ideology-An Alternative Approach. Employee Relations, 6(2), 22 26. 5- Rodriguez, D. And Rios, R. (2007) Latent premises of labor contracts: paternalism and productivity: Two cases from the banking industry in Chile. International Journal of Manpower, 28(5), 354 368. 6- Silva, S. (1998) Human Resource Management, Industrial Relations and Achieving Management Objectives. International Labour Organisation, ACT/EMP Publications. Available from: http://www.ilo.org. [Accessed: 24th October 2009]. 7- Wilkinson, A., Allen, P., and Snape, E. (1991) TQM and the Management of Labour. International Journal of Manpower, 12(6), 35-42. 8- Wood , S. (1976) The Radicalisation of Industrial Relations Theor. Personnel Review, 5(3), 52 57.

Lord of the flies essay -- essays research papers

Lord of the Flies Project   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Breakdowns in society result when people avoid their responsibilities to the community to pursue their own ends.† This seems entirely true. For example, in â€Å"Lord of the Flies† most of the kids decide going around hunting and not worrying about anything else is what is important, and eventually turn into savages. This could also be true if the people of a farming community started becoming lazy and stopped caring for their crops and animals. Or, in the military, if the all the leaders just stopped giving orders. Anyway you want to put it, if people don’t do what’s required of them, the world around them crumbles.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In William Golding’s â€Å"Lord of the Flies† a group of boys get stranded on a desert island after their plane was shot down. Two of the boys, Ralph and Piggy know that to survive they must built shelters, collect food, and try to find a way to signal any planes or ships that might pass by. Unfortunately, the choir (hunters) and their leader, Jack, feel that they must be hunting more than anything. Because Jack gathered all the hunters at once for their first successful hunt, their signal fire goes out. As tensions rise high, Ralph and Piggy soon find themselves outnumbered by the hunters, and their followers, who joined due to promises of freedom, to play whenever they want. Because the hunters neglect their responsibilities of making shelter and whatnot, their â€Å"society† crumbles. Th...

Nivea for Men: Developing a Marketing Plan Answer Sheet Essay

1. What is the difference between product range and product mix? The product range are the different types of products from one particular category e.g. drinks orange, lemonade, raspberry, whereas product mix are the different categories of product that are sold e.g. drinks, sandwiches, fruit etc 2. How would the increase in marketing awareness affect Nivea s day to day operations? More staff, more sales, more products needed, extra deliveries, more staff, more room for storage. 3. Why is the FHM Grooming Award a good thing for Nivea? FHM has a large readership level, the majority of readers care about their appearance and therefore Nivea may benefit from extra sales due to its recognition of enhancing appearance. 4. Why is it important for Nivea to identify a market segment? It can develop strategies for specific people, save money and have a higher success rate. 5. Above-the-line and Below-the-line promotion are prominent with Nivea. Why is this important? So that Nivea can get their message across to the masses through the various media and also build affinity and relationships with it customers and potential customers. 6. What was the male skincare products market worth in 2008? Male skincare products were worth  £117m 7. In 1998 annual sales of skincare products were worth  £68m. In 2008 they are now worth  £117m. What is the percentage increase in annual sales? 172% (117 / 68) X 100 8. What is the percentage increase in male facial products?  £7.3m to  £49m = 49/ 7.3 X100 = 671% 9. Why are marketing plans used? A marketing plan is used to identify, anticipate and satisfy consumers need. If a marketing plan is used, the business will know what the consumer wants, and will sell appropriate products which will increase revenue for the business. 10. Give 2 marketing aims that Nivea may want to achieve? Increase the sales of male skincare products in the UK. Develop its range of products for the UK market. 11. Using the case study, highlight how the SWOT analysis could  be used for Nivea. Nivea could use the SWOT analysis in order to assess its Strengths and Weaknesses within the business. This would allow management to address its weaknesses and exploit its strengths. This would be the opinions of the management and staff. It could also assess the Opportunities and Threats in terms of where the market is going with skincare for men and exploit it. They would also be aware of potential threats in terms of competition, laws and attitudes. 12. How has Nivea used promotion to enhance the awareness of the brand? Nivea has used both Above the line and Below the line promotion using the media, sponsorship of sports teams and winning awards from target market magazines.

Critque essay Essay

In the story â€Å"The Operation,† by Pensri Kiengsiri , a story that has a third persons’ point of view. The reader learns that Kamjorn, the father of the kid, don’t have much affection to Danu because Danu is a victim of polio which made Danu a crippled kid. Its conspiracy leads the reader into having a feeling of sympathy for the boy. And the story’s setting, contributes well to the growing sympathy of the readers to Danu, as Kiengsiri’s treatment of timing cause the readers to anticipate a shocking things that’s to unfold. The time at which â€Å"The Operation† is set introduces an element of tension between the parents. Kamjorn informed the readers that when he taught about going to Bangkok he first wanted to see his best friend, rather to go to the hospital which is his main reason of going to Bangkok; it is â€Å"his mind strayed to other days in Bangkok, student days and to the old school mates, he would have a chance to look up. † As the reader already knows that Kamjorn intends to catch up with his old friends, the very mention of â€Å"strayed to other days† evokes the sense of a plan that will certainly make sadness to the boy’s feelings. The added suggestion of â€Å"chance to look up† introduces an atmosphere of uncertainty: that planted to the reader’s mind is the notion that all is not normal and right to the world. The sense of uncertainty to Kamjorn that he will not go to his son and doesn’t show to his son it is a big factor to his son operation. Just as the time in which â€Å"The Operation† is set infuses the story with an atmosphere of sadness, so do the physical surrounding in which the bulk of plot unfolds. â€Å"When Kamjorn reached Bangkok, he went to meet his friend and to actually catch up with them. When his daughter haven’t seen any sign that either one of their parents arrived, she was worried and called to their house and somehow convinced her mother to travel. † Both things added to the reader’s sense that there’s something is not right and that something imminent is about to occur. This atmosphere of imminence increases as their mother went to the train and hasn’t heard anything from her until the operation is almost finished â€Å"an accident on an express train†¦fatalities†Ã‚  that’s the only words Kamjorn’s mind ever digested before he fainted. For it is only in the final conversation of the story. The imminence that happened to Kamjorn’s wife that caused him to faint. It has successfully concealed the true sense of Kamjorn tears last before he fainted. Hence, the manner Kiengsiri described the time and setting of â€Å"The Operation† serves to greatly enhance the effect of this tale upon the reader. In accompanying the story’s characters into a world thet grows steadily more gruesome at every turn, the reader’s feeling of sadness and foreboding increases, the reader is doubly troubled the disturbing revelation made in the story’s final conversation. Kiengsiri’s use of setting and timing in this story mirrors the special effects employed in dramatic movies-effects that have the viewers wiping their tears, totally absorbed in plot and atmosphere. It is good that a 6 page short story can evoke with words the same response that movie makers use millions of dollars, efforts and truckloads of technology to create.

Nanotechnology: newest technological wonder

Current researches are optimistic on the potentials of nanotechnology as the latest technological wonders with both environmental soundness and promise for health applications. Its advent has created promising application in various areas of human endeavors. It has made impression in the areas of novel foods, medical devices, chemical coatings, personal health testing kits, sensors for security systems, water purification units for manned space craft, displays for hand-held computer games, and high-resolution cinema screens (European Commission 2008). Recent discoveries point to the application of these minute biological machines in health and genetics. Seferos, D. S., Giljohann, D.A., Hill, H. D., Prigodich, A. E. and. Mirkin, C. A. (2007) use nano-flares in their research to study the structures of RNA in living cells. The nano-flares, made of oligonucleotide-functionalized nanoparticle conjugates, are designed to provide an intracellular fluorescence signal that correlates with the relative amount of a specific intracellular RNA (Seferos et al. 2007). Nano-flares would become the newest class of intracellular probe and can make possible applications as cellular transfection, enzymatic protection, RNA detection and quantification, cell sorting, gene profiling, and real-time drug validation studies, and as gene regulation agents. This particular technology application is an illustration of how versatile the nanotechnology is. The relative advantage is that it penetrates into areas where conventional technologies cannot. While we agree that you only have to spend millions marketing something if its worth is in doubt, we see the promise of nanotechnology as revolutionizing. Investment in these area maybe huge initially but as the advantage of its effects is felt, more industries would be expected to adopt the technology and more people would benefit from it. References European Commission. (2008). Nanotechnology application areas. Retrieved February 15, 2008 Industrial Technology Research Institute. (2008, January 18). Application of nanotechnology in traditional industry. Retrieved February 15, 2008 Meadows, D. (1999, August 26). Seven-Plus Wonders of Sustainability. Retrieved February 15, 2008, from http://www.pcdf.org/meadows/7wonders.html Seferos, D. S., Giljohann, D.A., Hill, H. D., Prigodich, A. E. and. Mirkin, C. A. (2007). Nano-Flares: Probes for Transfection and mRNA Detection in Living Cells. Journal of American Chemical Society, 129.50, 15477-15479. Retrieved February 15, 2008, from http://pubs.acs.org/cgi-bin/sample.cgi/jacsat/2007/129/i50/pdf/ja0776529.pdf   

Maria Montessori's Theory of Education Dissertation

Maria Montessori's Theory of Education - Dissertation Example He does not learn or study merely to be promoted to a higher class or in expectation of some rewards. Montessori is a special way of education where the children learn through experience. Every aspect of their experience is planned to help them grow into creative, capable, confident, and balanced individuals. Every child is assisted to nurture and stimulate his potential through various activities like music, art, and drama (Montessori Children’s Room, 2005). The classrooms are called ‘environments’ where the children experience the joy of learning. Dr. Montessori placed special emphasis on the learning materials; she introduced the child-size tables and chairs too. She believed that the learning environment was as important as the learning itself. Learning in the right environment the child experiences an inner sense of satisfaction and develops a positive attitude in life. Teachers are called ‘directress’ which reminds them not to be authoritative b ut to direct and motivate the child to develop himself. This leads to mutual respect and affection, which aids the child to become self-confident. A unique feature in the Montessori system is that two and three-year-olds remain within the same environment. A myth surrounds such a philosophy that the older children would take up the time and attention of the directress but it works in a positive direction for the age groups. The younger ones receive stimulus from the older ones, while the older children get to play as the role model for the younger ones, which boosts their confidence. The older children serve as teachers for the younger ones and in this way they learn faster. Since this philosophy is based that each individual is unique, this environment allows them the freedom to learn at their pace and not on the directress’s schedule of lessons (Seldin T & Epstein P, 2005). The children stay in the same environment for three years which inculcates a community feeling and st ability in them. The culture tends to remain the same. Dr. Montessori believed that directress should focus on the child as a person. The child should be encouraged to ask questions, think, explore, investigate, and discover for himself. Daily lesson plans are not important; the children have to given the freedom to learn independently while retaining their creativity.

Future of 2020 Automotive Industry Research Paper

Future of 2020 Automotive Industry - Research Paper Example of the global financial crisis have been noticeable since early 2008, and the crisis has by now proved itself to be the most horrible economic crisis. It is almost similar to the Great Depression of the 1930s. The economic crisis had been impending for some time, ignored by many, due to the accomplishment of an extremely limited amount of products, like light trucks and sport utility vehicles (SUVs). At this point, it is apparent that the automotive service sector, which is one of the leading service industries, is struck hard by the current economic and financial crisis. With global financial crisis as a starting point, the arrival of a new atmosphere in automotive business sector is expected. There is increased necessity to predict future prospects and to be ready for it. Clubbed with the current global crisis, various other factors too have largely affected automotive business; for example, problems related to energy, sustainable growth, technology growth, aging, natural tragedies , etc. Environmental alterations in the automotive business affect each part of the business, which include its structure and size, its positions and even more than that. Besides global economic crisis, on the whole, change is required to revamp the industry, to and to overcome all the troubles. The unexpected changes required in automotive industry must be established with a long-term view covering specific areas like generating new business, technology growth, organizational development, etc. There are also various other factors that influence the crisis in automotive industry. Those are long term and short term factors. The short-term factor is simply the unexpected and huge collapse of sales. In an industry or business with high level of fixed costs, this brings a dramatic effect on the companies. The preceding assessment of the impacts of the economic crisis, and the solutions for the problems, point out to the following conclusions: By referring to the alterations for automotive

CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR - RESTORATIVE JUSTICE VICTIM OFFENDER MEDIATION, Essay

CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR - RESTORATIVE JUSTICE VICTIM OFFENDER MEDIATION, POSITIVE IMPACT, CONSIDERATION OF VICTIMS IN CJS, NEGATIVE IMPACT, DOES RESTORATIVE JUSTIC - Essay Example Punishment and penal institutions, which, ideally, should be the answer to this malady, seem to produce an angrier, undesirable convicts more likely to become recidivists. Judicial systems and policy makers are, thus, under public pressure to find alternatives to traditional justice systems. Ruth Morris (1994) explains that a shift to alternative models is practical because, first, it is expensive to maintain prisons and finally, incarceration and punishment is unjust and immoral. â€Å"Our retributive justice system is based on a spirit of revenge which does not satisfy the primary healthy needs of victims, offenders, or society.† (Morris, 1994) One of the emergent alternatives to traditional justice systems is the restorative justice model. Currently, it is being integrated and used in criminal justice systems of some countries like the United Kingdom. Restorative justice, according to Les Davey, Director Real Justice United Kingdom and Ireland (March 2005), are the processes that respond to crime and wrongdoing by involving victims, offenders and their communities of care, that is, their family and friends. â€Å"Restorative Justice centers around hearing what harm a crime has caused, and finding the best way to address that harm.† (Mediation) Paul McCold, et. al. (May, 1998) coined the words â€Å"full restorative† if all the participants are involved in the process, â€Å"mostly restorative† if there are two stakeholders and â€Å"partly restorative† if there is only one party involved. â€Å"Restorative justice sometimes happens in the context of a courtroom, and sometimes within a community or nonprofit organization. In the courtroom, the process might look like this: For petty or first-time offenses, a case may be referred to restorative justice as a pretrial diversion, with charges being dismissed after fulfillment of the restitution agreement. In more

Good reporting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Good reporting - Essay Example This is because of the fact that no writer could be able to please all readers. With this in mind, the best thing to do is to delight the certain readers you want to speak to and make your words seep through their hearts and minds. It is only when you know who your readers are, what they like, and how they digest a writing are you able to resonate with them which is an effective bait to actually make them start reading you. Making your readers check your story out does not really require a rocket science skill. A catchy headline, a straight to the point front-page, or perhaps writing the first about any current event is key. However, a good journalist would not stop in just turning heads, but will want to make sure readers read until the end. This will be possible by understanding your reader’s behavior in reading. Generally, taking them through the whole story by using simple words is always helpful. Doing so would avoid them from stopping in the middle just because they got frustrated about a highfalutin word they can’t relate to (Reporting and Writing Basics). Also, a good story never fails to identify who, what, when, where, and why which is basically what will give your readers at least the slightest reason to read you. In doing so, the manner by which you establish each by using descriptions is also significant (How to Write A Good Story). It is not necessary that you describe everything but just pick out the highlights you think would play a big part in the story. Yes, it is good to involve all the five senses of each reader however, it is also very important to correctly diagnose which among the senses do your readers tend to use more often, in the kind of genre of your writing. The order of importance you incorporate in your story is also crucial. It is very important for a story to have a constructive development instead of a deductive

United States (US) NURSING SHORTAGE Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

United States (US) NURSING SHORTAGE - Assignment Example By passing the Patient Protection and Affordable Act aforementioned, the Obama administration achieved a milestone; in regard to expanding Americans’ access to universal healthcare services. Access will also include services provided by both Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRNs) and RNs. Accordingly, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) works in collaboration with policy makers, learning institutions, the media and nursing organizations. This is aimed at bringing general public attention to this concern. Importantly is the fact that policy making ought to consider the aspect of continued growth, in terms of health care needs (Rosseter, 2014). An aging nursing workforce and a diminishing avenue of new nursing student influence this situation. This shortage, it should be noted, is being faced all round the world, with nations enhancing their implementation of various policies towards addressing the issue. Pertinent to the situation is the issue of improved scientific and technological expertise, therefore, only necessitating only the sickest of patients to undergo intense treatment, under hospital stay. Thus, specialized and skilled work force is greatly in demand abate the lack of optimal supply rate (Littlejohn et al., 2012, p. 23). Unfortunately, in the USA these issues are being experience, just as a major segment of the nursing population is retiring vis-Ã  -vis an expanding health care sector. The result is that health institutions and clinical settings require more nurses especially those skilled in specialized care provision more than ever. Statistically, it was noted that there was an increase in the average age of working registered nurse workforce. From this aspect, it is predictable for almost half of the nursing population being aged 50 years and above in the near future. Adding to this is the fact that as these registered

Contrasting Differences in Family Life in USA and Mexico Essay Example for Free

Contrasting Differences in Family Life in USA and Mexico Essay The family is the basic unit of any particular society or community. It is therefore imperative that for the society to exist the family has to be there to produce members into the community. The community or national character any particular country is basically determined by the nature of the family values. An individual is shaped in the early ages by the family. In the contemporary society there are increased diversity changes in the family a characteristic of the many changes in culture, political, economic, social, and psychological and even the environment. The content definition of has not been agreed upon because of the great changes that are so accommodating. In the previous many years the family was considered as the people who are related by blood. This definition based on the kinship ties has been revoked due to the influence of many forms of families which has stripped off the family its actual definition. For instance there can husband and wife who do not have any kinship ties and they go ahead to adopt children. Another case that has changed such a definition of the family based on kinship ties is the increasing number of intermarriage within the context of race or ethnicity. This brings out a mixture of offspring and therefore it is difficult to trace the family bonds based on kinship ties. The issue of who is next to kin is no longer important in the current families. The most common aspect in the current families is the bonding based on mutual understanding. The many changes of husband and wife have been changed by the introduction of lesbianism and gay. These try to go against the grain of opposite gender type of marriage. The concept of marriage has changed from opposite gender type of marriage to a mixture of gay, lesbianism and opposite gender marriages. These are some of the dynamisms that are facing the contemporary families. This paper shall give an indebt analysis of the family, the changes in roles and functions of the families and the general effects of such changes to the contemporary families. A close reference and examples shall be drawn from the US and Mexico, the countries that border each other geographically. The contrasting differences I n family issues shall be pointed out clearly. Family life in the United States The family relationship in the United States has undergone several transformations due to the effect of globalization. Race and ethnicity are the most significant factors in shaping the variety of values, attitudes and behaviour amongst the families in the United States. There are a number of changes in families in the United States. These changes range from political, social, economic, and psychological to spiritual. The social dislocations have given rise to new ideas and values especially there is increased individualism among the members of the community. In the US there increased diversity in the organizational structures. There are many cases of divorce and separation in the United Stated which has grabbed the family the unity and love that is supposed to be enjoyed. Most the single families that are common in the US are as a result of divorce and remarriage due to greater democratization. (Hines Morrison, 2005) Cultural diversity in the US is accounting for the many different types of families that have emerged in the recent past. The United States constitutes almost all races and ethnic groups in the world. For this reason there are diverse cultural values as a resulting of this contact. The factor that there are free intermarriages between these diverse races and ethnic groups has made the US to have diverse cultural values which transcend the native culture. The immigrants who move to the United State try to maintain their native language despite the fact that they are forced to learn the official language of the United States, which is English. The immigrants from Spanish speaking countries (Hispanic) when they move to the United States they try to maintain their languages. The culture of the people is usually transmitted through language and due to the numerous languages in the United States there exists different cultures. This means that there are very many family clusters formed through the sharing of the languages. For instance most of the Hispanic immigrants have formed family clusters in the sides of Florida. The black American speaks a variety of English as they identify themselves as belonging or originating from one family. These disparities have affected the notion of the family because these people are allowed to mix freely with people from different cultures. The concept of the family in the United States is changing even the more during the advent of the green card where people from different pasts acquire citizenship. Many people from different races and ethnic groups have found their way to the US and as such most of them are allowed to move with their families. The nuclear family still remains an ideal source of the society in the United States. The United States families are characterized by the great social stratification. In the United the families are organized according to different classes. Among these classes there are great disparities in terms of economic value. The choice of families has not taken shift from mutual understanding to materials and resources. This has affected relationships from a sociological point of view. This issue of the class is a dominant phenomenon among the families in the United States as those who are rich wants to maintain the status quo. This is done through the inheritance that is passed within the nuclear families. The nuclear families in the United States are created and broken up and then reconstituted. This has led to the decline of family values which consequently affects the family patterns. This diversity in family pattern has been identified as the cause of problems such as violence, crime and drug use in the united state. The parents are usually very busy with their duties (United States, Congress, 1992). The increasing cases of divorce and separation in the United States have a negative effect on maintaining the ideal norms of the nuclear family value. The families that are exposed to values outside the parental domain are likely to deviate from norms. The human rights in the United States are considered fundamental. There is protection of the universal human right which is a recipe to the process of democratization. This the reason why the US government invest huge amount of money in education health and other basic sectors so as to enhance the promotion of the human rights among the citizens. The Family Life in Mexico Most people have preferred to live in Mexico for a variety of reasons such as social, political, economic and even good climatic reasons. Living in Mexico requires one to learn the Spanish language so as to increase effective communication. This is because the families are socialized in the Spanish language. The Mexican people are extremely warm and friendly as they are organized in smaller communities that come from the mutually intelligible families. This means that the socialization process is high since there tow much contact between the families. The family bonds are tightly held together and for this reason there is cultural uniformity. The society per se is integrated under common cultural values through the common language shared. Piped water is relatively inexpensive, but not always potable (drinkable). Decades of under-investment, combined with an attitude of impertinence towards paying water bills, has left Mexicos mains water system in poor condition. As a result, most people purchase bottled water, often in 20L containers. Bottled water is very expensive. Rents in Mexico can be higher than in equivalent-sized US towns or cities if the place is popular or fashionable, particularly places within easy reach of the US border. Mexico has a centralized economy: that is, most of the countrys economic activity revolves around. The Mexican pace of life is relatively slower than in the US Especially when the life in major cities is given consideration. The families in Mexico are closely tied as most of the families have time to attend to their families. There is a high degree of parental responsibility among the families. This transcends to greater heights of good values that the society enjoys. Mexico’s culture has a rich history in a consolidated family religion, people and tradition. The Mexican people are proud of their culture that they keep on passing from one generation to another. This is because there is little infusion of the foreign cultures. The family is the basic unit in Mexico and a cornerstone to the maintenance of the culture. The rate of socialization and interaction among these people is too high. It is a usual phenomenon to meet two or more families meeting for a common interest or for a special event. This part of the family function in Mexico, people in Mexico have free time to visit resort centers for the purpose of relaxation which is not a common phenomenon in the United States, where people are too busy. (Heymann, 2006) The Mexican People are too religious which is a big contrast with the United States where people feel that they are in control; of their own life. A large number of people are Christian and they are usually committed to going to church. When you walk in the Mexican homes it is easy for you to see the religious images. In America people stay a non-religious life thus an effect of religious intermingling that has made it difficult for the people to which religious practice to adopt. Thus they resign from subscribing to any of the religious practice. The social stratification is not prevalent in the Mexican family as it is in the United States; people are seeking for money the Mexican people strive for titles. The professionals in Mexico prefer to be addressed with the titles that they deserve. This is as a result of the traditional emphasis given to the tittles within the family domain. The economic living standards in Mexico are slightly lower than in the United State. There are many poor people in Mexico than in the United States. The impact of these high levels of poverty in Mexico has necessitated the immigration of most Mexican families to the United States in search of better jobs and pay of most illegal immigrants from Mexico have gotten their way into the United States through the Mexican borders. These immigrants have settled in cities such as Florida. Working in the United States gives them better pay. This aspect of brain drain is lowering the general development of the families in Mexico as most of the people move leaving behind other family members Basically the cost of living in Mexico is lower than that of the US particularly for agricultural produce. Other sectors such as transport and communication are also lower in Mexico than I n the United States. Other utilities as electricity are more expensive compared to the United State. Working families in the United States, observing how parents struggled to find a balance between caring for children and earning a decent income. When parents split and one of the parents went from Mexico to the United States and was no longer available to give the necessary care, families suffer. What significantly exacerbates the problem is when the borders are so tight that they prevent families from reuniting. This has been a common phenomenon when the immigrants are not given the opportunity by the America to even visit their families in back home in Mexico. (Poole M. et al, 1993) Globalization of the economy created increased pressure for workers to accept lower labor standards, accept lower wages, longer hours, fewer benefits, and less paid leave. Both Nations likewise feel pressure from economic globalization not to implement family-friendly policies, such as paid leave for illness or when a child is sick, or paid parental leave. And that leaves working families struggling to balance work and their care-giving duties. The globalization process has affected families in both Mexico and United States economy was transforming the relationship between work and care-giving in similar ways everywhere. Globalization has forcing both countries to at a very high pace as far as labor standards and social policies are concerned hence leaving working parents with less and less time to raise their children. Parents work has shifted markedly around the world and that goes for every region. The child rearing process has been left in the hands of maids who offer supportive care while the parents are away working till late hours of the day. Men in particular have been moving away from one place to another in search of better jobs especially in various industries. Globalization has made men and women to work day and night and this has made them move away from their homes to go work in various places. A good example is that of outsourcing where people work in shifts where some work during the day and others at night. Women, likewise, have moved into the paid labor force and away from the home. From the period between 1960 and 2000 the number of women in the labor force went from 26 to 38 percent in America. The percentage of women in the workplace has increased both in the United States and Mexico. This has adversely affected the family care services that were provided by the women while their men were working in various sectors. This is a result of civilization which been brought about by the factors such as education, religion, work, urbanization among others. These factors have changed the various roles that were supposed to be executed by the family so as to prepare an individual to be a responsible member of the society. (Cecil, 1992) What has happened is that the world has seen women get better job opportunities which has assisted then them raise income to cater for their families. The increased number of single parent families has made it possible for the women to struggle to get money for rearing their families. While this is was going on there is also massive urbanization occurring all across the world. Thats not necessarily a bad thing, as people who move from very poor rural areas to urban areas often get better jobs, and become less dependent on, for instance, a good rain to feed their families. (Rowntree, Lewis, Price Wyckoff, 2006). References Hines D. A. , Morrison K. (2005) Family Violence in the United States: Defining, Understanding, and Combating. Sage Publisher. Heymann J. (2006) Forgotten Families: Ending the Growing Crisis Confronting Children and Working Parents in the Global Economy. Oxford University Press Poole M. et al (1993) Family: Changing Families, Changing Times. Allen Unwin publisher. Robinson, Cecil. (1992). No short journeys: The interplay of cultures in the history and Literature of the borderlands. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. Rowntree L. , Lewis M. , Price M. and Wyckoff W. (2006). Diversity amid Globalization: World Regions, Environment, Development. United States, Congress. House America’s (1992) Families: Conditions, Trends, Hopes, and Fears: Family policy. United States, Congress, House publisher.